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Constantinople is the second see

Doctrine · On the Church · from 381

The bishop of Constantinople has the prerogatives of honour after the bishop of Rome, because Constantinople is New Rome.

Canon 3 of 381, restated and enlarged as canon 28 of Chalcedon — the canon the Roman legates objected to on the spot and the popes refused for centuries.

Held it

  • 381 — The First Council of Constantinople (Defines). Gives the bishop of Constantinople the prerogatives of honour after the bishop of Rome, because it is New Rome. The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · Constantinople I (381), canon 3
  • 451 — The Council of Chalcedon (Defines). Restates and enlarges the canon. The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · Chalcedon (451), canon 28

Refused it

  • 452 — Pope Leo I (Rejects). Refuses the canon and annuls it, holding that it contradicts the canons of Nicaea. The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · Chalcedon (451), canon 28, and Percival note on its reception

First stated in this form after The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · Constantinople I (381), canon 3.