The will suffices without grace
Doctrine · On salvation · c. 411–529
A man may keep the commandments of God by the strength of his own will, grace making obedience easier rather than possible.
The proposition Caelestius was refused ordination over at Carthage in 411, and that he and Pelagius were both condemned for in 418.
Held it
- 411 — Caelestius (Holds). Is refused ordination at Carthage on articles including that Adam sin harmed himself alone. Attributed by the Council of Carthage of 411. The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · the African Code, canon 110 (Carthage 418)
- 415 — Pelagius (Holds). Is charged with teaching that a man may be without sin and keep the commandments if he will. Attributed by the Council of Carthage of 418. The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · the African Code, canon 113 (Carthage 418)
Refused it
- 418 — The Council of Carthage (418) (Condemns). Anathematizes the position that grace only makes obedience easier. The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · the African Code, canon 113 (Carthage 418)
In the disputes
- The Pelagian controversy How much a man can do unaided.
First stated in this form after The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF series 2 vol. 14) · the African Code, canon 113 (Carthage 418) on grace.