The Filioque dispute
Doctrinal · 589 — unsettled · east-west
One word added to the creed in Spain against Arianism, carried north with the Frankish liturgy, refused at Rome for two centuries and sung there from 1014. It is the first article of the charge sheet in 1054 and it has not been withdrawn.
How it ended. Unsettled. It spans this dataset's window and continues past it.
How it ran
- 589 — Third Council of Toledo (where it began). Adds the word to the creed recited against Arianism.
What was at issue
- The Filioque what was at issue
- The Spirit proceeds from the Father what was at issue
Who stood in it
- Leo III sought a middle
- Photios I of Constantinople a principal
After East and West: The Making of a Rift in the Church · Chadwick, ch. 2.