gospel · 30 · Calvary
The crucifixion of Jesus outside Jerusalem's walls, under Pontius Pilate — datable to c. AD 30 (some traditions reckon 33) — is the hinge of the tradition this whole dataset descends from: the death the apostles preached, the succession's first cause.
Jesus was put to death by crucifixion, being nailed to an instrument made by the Romans for capital punishment, commonly named as a cross. The instrument of crucifixion is taken to be an upright wooden beam to which was added a transverse wooden beam, thus forming a "cruciform" or T-shaped structure. His crucifixion occurred in 1st-century Judaea, most likely in AD 30 or AD 33. The event is described in the Bible's four canonical gospels, referred to in the New Testament epistles, and later attested to by other ancient sources. Scholars nearly universally accept the historicity of Jesus' crucifixion, although there is no consensus on the details. According to the canonical gospels, Jesus was arrested and tried before the Sanhedrin, and then sentenced by Pontius Pilate to be scourged, and finally crucified by the Romans.